Don’t look now, but it’s already time for the DNC and the states to figure out the 2028 Democratic presidential primary calendar, so I wrote an overview at New York:
The first 2028 presidential primaries are just two years away. And for the first time since 2016, both parties are expected to have serious competition for their nominations. While Vice-President J.D. Vance is likely to enter the cycle as a formidable front-runner for the GOP nod, recent history suggests there will be lots of other candidates. After all, Donald Trump drew 12 challengers in 2024. On the Democratic side, there is no one like Vance (or Hillary Clinton going into 2016 or Joe Biden going into 2020) who is likely to become the solid front-runner from the get-go, though Californians Gavin Newsom and Kamala Harris lead all of the way too early polls.
But 2028 horse-race speculation really starts with the track itself, as the calendar for state contests still isn’t set. What some observers call the presidential-nominating “system” isn’t something the national parties control. In the case of primaries utilizing state-financed election machinery, state laws govern the timing and procedures. Caucuses (still abundant on the Republican side and rarer among Democrats) are usually run by state parties. National parties can vitally influence the calendar via carrots (bonus delegates at the national convention) or sticks (loss of delegates) and try to create “windows” for different kinds of states to hold their nominating contests to space things out and make the initial contests competitive and representative. But it’s sometimes hit or miss.
Until quite recently, the two parties tended to move in sync on such calendar and map decisions. But Democrats have exhibited a lot more interest in ensuring that the “early states” — the ones that kick off the nominating process and often determine the outcome — are representative of the party and the country as a whole and give candidates something like a level playing field. Prior to 2008, both parties agreed to do away with the traditional duopoly, in which the Iowa caucuses and New Hampshire primary came first, by allowing early contests representing other regions (Nevada and South Carolina). And both parties tolerated the consolidation of other states seeking influence into a somewhat later “Super Tuesday” cluster of contests. But in 2024 Democrats tossed Iowa out of the early-state window altogether and placed South Carolina first (widely interpreted as Joe Biden’s thank-you to the Palmetto State for its crucial role in saving his campaign in 2020 after poor performances in other early states), with Nevada and New Hampshire voting the same day soon thereafter. Republicans stuck with the same old calendar with Trump more or less nailing down the nomination after Iowa and New Hampshire.
For 2028, Republicans will likely stand pat while Democrats reshuffle the deck (the 2024 calendar was explicitly a one-time-only proposition). The Democratic National Committee has set a January 16 deadline for states to apply for early-state status. And as the New York Times’ Shane Goldmacher explains, there is uncertainty about the identity of the early states and particularly their order:
“The debate has only just begun. But early whisper campaigns about the weaknesses of the various options already offer a revealing window into some of the party’s racial, regional and rural-urban divides, according to interviews with more than a dozen state party chairs, D.N.C. members and others involved in the selection process.
“Nevada is too far to travel. New Hampshire is too entitled and too white. South Carolina is too Republican. Iowa is also too white — and its time has passed.
“Why not a top battleground? Michigan entered the early window in 2024, but critics see it as too likely to bring attention to the party’s fractures over Israel. North Carolina or Georgia would need Republicans to change their election laws.”
Nevada and New Hampshire have been most aggressive about demanding a spot at the beginning of the calendar, and both will likely remain in the early-state window, representing their regions. The DNC could push South Carolina aside in favor of regional rivals Georgia or North Carolina. Michigan is close to a lock for an early midwestern primary, but its size, cost, and sizable Muslim population (which will press candidates on their attitude towards Israel’s recent conduct) would probably make it a dubious choice to go first. Recently excluded Iowa (already suspect because it’s very white and trending Republican, then bounced decisively after its caucus reporting system melted down in 2020) could stage a “beauty contest” that will attract candidates and media even if it doesn’t award delegates.
Even as the early-state drama unwinds, the rest of the Democratic nomination calendar is morphing as well. As many as 14 states are currently scheduled to hold contests on Super Tuesday, March 7. And a 15th state, New York, may soon join the parade. Before it’s all nailed down (likely just after the 2026 midterms), decisions on the calendar will begin to influence candidate strategies and vice versa. Some western candidates (e.g., Gavin Newsom or Ruben Gallego) could be heavily invested in Nevada, while Black proto-candidates like Kamala Harris, Cory Booker, and Wes Moore might pursue a southern primary. Progressive favorites like AOC or Ro Khanna may have their own favorite launching pads, while self-identified centrists like Josh Shapiro or Pete Buttigieg might have others. Having a home state in the early going is at best a mixed blessing: Losing your home-state primary is a candidate-killer, and winning it doesn’t prove a lot. And it’s also worth remembering that self-financed candidates like J.B. Pritzker may need less of a runway to stage a nationally viable campaign.
So sketching out the tracks for all those 2028 horses, particularly among Democrats, is a bit of a game of three-dimensional chess. We won’t know how well they’ll run here or there until it’s all over.
I feel the same way as Drew. Steadfastness to the end. Emulate Kerry if you’re someone who sometimes has trouble being that way. I can’t imagine any poll result would have any effect on my level of effort. It might modify how I decide to try to help. People such as Ruy are going to help us all figure out what the poll results mean and therefore how, if at all, we need to modify what we’re doing accordingly. I’ll do as much as I can from now until November. No poll is going to change that one bit.
After finishing up a consultancy in ’92, I “interviewed” volunteer coordinators in a half dozen swing states. Ohio was able to offer me the most to do, so I ended up volunteering for C/G there. They were desperate for some kind of presence in a large county just north of Cinci, one of the most R in that state and one that because of its size they had to try to compete in. I went in for the last 5 weeks and coordinated the county effort. 90-100 hours/week, starting with no organization in place. We were leading in the polls most of the way in that state and then the weekend before the election B/Q pulls even. Did it effect anything we did that last week at the grassroots level? Hell no. With a whole lot of help from Perot, we cut the B/Q ’88 plurality in that county from 41,000 to 23,000, give or take. Impossible to say how much difference our ground campaign made relative to the TV ad campaign and all manner of other factors–who knows, maybe none. But we created a presence in a place that had had none five weeks before the election. We spent under $2000 in that county, what we were able to raise from sales of campaign paraphernalia, plus some loose change from Columbus.
There will be young people all around this country who will be doing similar things this time around.
Well, Drew, we might be able to ignore the polls for a week. But the media will not. There will be coverage. There will be analysis. And there will be headlines: “Complete failure”, “negative bounce”, “historic”- and so on. Which, I fear, will only aggravate the effect.
We need another poll to save us!! (Okay, okay, I’ll calm down now..)
_Where_ exactly did you post the new survey of Electoral College tracking/projection/prediction sites?
Sorry, it’s at:
http://unfutz.blogspot.com/2004/08/electoral-college-survey-81.html
I’m pretty much ignoring all polls until next week, exactly as I had planned to do before the convention. It’s still too early to measure the reaction. It’s amusing and yet sad to see people on either side hyperventilating over a single poll, or even a pair of polls. Return to your day jobs and watch the Kerry train continue to roll forward. There’ll be a bounce from the speech, and there’ll be a bounce from the debates too.
“Drudge has a new USAToday/Gallup poll that shows Kerry losing ground. according to their poll it’s now 50-46 in favor of BC04.
How can this possibly be?”
It is probably an outlier. Political polls use a 95% confidence interval which means that one out of twenty will be incorrect outside the MOE.
I write a bit more about this at the link below in my first installment on “understanding political polls.”
There miht not be a bounce that amounts to much. Andif there isn’t, I don’t think we should worry about it.
Right now there isn’t much flexibility possible. Most people have made a choice and most have chosen firmly. There aren’t many swing voters to cause a bounce.
I noticed that some Reublican talking head was predicting a big bounce–14 points or something like that. I was puzzled until I realized that the Repubs were trying to create a letdown. They wanted to generate the expectation of a big bounce so they could declare the convention and Kerry failures ifthe bounce was small or smallish.
The only thing that matters is that Kerry is ahead generally and seems to be building in the important battle ground states.
I think ,like so many of these so called experts say, that this country is so polorized that no one is changing their minds and the numbers will probably remain the same NO MATTER WHAT and that means terror attacks, Bin Laudin capture, good economy, or bad economy. Think about it, what would it take to change your minds.
I agree with you Robert. Kerry is managing to snatch defeat from the jaws of victory it seems. I still think the futures market is the most accurate barometer for the race. The CNN poll may be a confirmation of the futures market from Friday when Bush received a small bounce. The bottom line though is if the CNN poll and the futures market are accurate then Kerry I would say is not in a very good position. We still have the GOP convention to go. Then again this might be just one of those cycles where all the conventional wisdom gets turned upside down. If Kerry could get a negative bounce out of his convention then it is certainly possible that Bush could get the same outcome from his convention.
“How can this be?”
The answer is “Drudge”
PRINCETON, NJ — A new CNN/USA Today/Gallup survey, conducted on Friday and Saturday following the Democratic Convention in Boston, finds that the presidential race remains close, with President George W. Bush receiving 50% support among likely voters, and Massachusetts Sen. John Kerry 47%. Among the larger group of registered voters, Kerry leads 50% to 47%.
Drudge has a new USAToday/Gallup poll that shows Kerry losing ground. according to their poll it’s now 50-46 in favor of BC04.
How can this possibly be?
Not only Michael Moore but more significantly Kevin Phillips and CNN’s Carlos Watson believe turnout will be significantly higher this year, the latter opining that it could increase to 115 million up from 105..
Still the RV showed no change in the Gallup Poll.
Not a good poll…
About the CNN Poll…For one thing, if Michael Moore is right, a lot of new voters will vote for Kerry this year. That means that measures of so-called “likely” voters, usually based on if you’ve voted in the past, are inaccurate. In addition, the sample was in the 700 range for likely as opposed to the normal approximately 1000 registered voters sample and would have a margin of error of roughly plus or minus 4%. I just don’t see this poll as accurate, but if it is, this country deserves what Bush does to it, and it won’t be pretty.
We might also take into account the heinously irresponsible failure of the major broadcast networks to show responsibility to the public by showing the convention in it’s entirity instead of “Last Comic Standing”
How kind of you, Allan. But I bet you wouldn’t drop by so often if all you got here was just spin, would you? Let’s just wait and see what the next days will bring.
By the way: Take care. Tom Ridge just went from yellow to orange for stockbroker facilities.
And beerwulf, thanks for the encouragement. I’ve braced myself now. Really sorry, was just a temporary bout..
Politics isn’t a game for people who panic easily, Frenchfries. And Allan, there’s a difference between spin and analysis. My own feeling is that CNN’s poll is a low outlier. The standard wisdom (which I agree with) is that RV’s are a better gauge than LV’s because in late summer nobody really knows how likely they are to vote. There’s a reason PollKatz and Polling Report survey a lot of polls – differences in methodology, sampling errors, and so on tend to cancel each other out when you do a meta-analysis.
Any given poll is only a snapshot, and an imperfect one at that (which is why pollsters bother to compute MOE). Calm down and let’s get on with the election.
New York is going from yellow to orange alert. I see “The Little Boy That Cried Wolf” is at it again…………
Frenchfries,
Don’t worry. I’m sure Ruy will find a new and better way to spin these new numbers from CNN and i can’t wait to hear it.
Just saw new numbers on CNN – and they’re not good at all: They have Kerry up 50:47 among RVs – but DOWN 47:49 among LVs!
I’m just sort of panicking…
And withh the integrity and clarity that we have all come to expect from big media, Face the Nation’s grey-haired emcee (whatever his name is) just cited an unnamed poll, but probably the Newsweek one, as having shown a 4 point bounce for Kerry/Edwards. Naturally, he didn’t mention that half the poll was taken before Kerry’s speech.
That would have added nuance to the discussion, and Face the Nation wouldn’t want that. Too much for our little pointy heads to handle.
Dear Joe Zainea,
_Where_ exactly did you post the new survey of Electoral College tracking/projection/prediction sites?
-Nate
“unfutz” — the name of my weblog, not “unknown”
I thought that the corporate parent of the Washington Post owned Newsweek?
BTW, somewhat off topic, for those interested in the state of the Electoral College, I’ve posted a new survey of Electoral College tracking/projection/prediction sites here.
Kerry still leads. Of 24 sites surveyed, 16 show him winning, another 5 as ahead. Only 2 show Bush as winning, and one other shows him ahead.
I’ve said it here before, Newsweek/MSNBC and WAPO are tied together somehow in various arrangements related to news and opinion content sharing. Relatively new leadership at WAPO, I believe, has shifted that organization’s political stance to the right, taking Newsweek and MSNBC along with them.
The difference in WAPO’s editorial attitude is related to the Bush administration’s unrelenting hostility to any media outlet that doesn’t toe the mark they lay down. A news weekly that is denied access to senior administration officials is a publication headed for trouble.
Bush’s people don’t hesitate to flex their muscles and I believe much of what we have come to see as the media’s stupor, starting from the run up to the Iraq invasion, is related to fear of access denial.
In addition to the shoddy work on the post convention bounce, we can also see a reluctance on the part of Newsweek and other frightened outlets to inform the public on continuing American casualties being sustained in Iraq and Afghanistan.
One can only hope that as Kerry’s campaign gathers strength that the media will rediscover their spines and perhaps do a little reporting on the status of the Plame affair or the question of whether the recently indicted “Kenny Boy” Lay attended Cheney’s secret energy conference. One can only hope.
On top of everything else, the Newsweek article says that Kerry’s speech was on Friday night, when it was on late THURSDAY night, idiots!
Get SOMETHING right, will you please??
Ruy is probably right about Newsweek’s bounce analyis but a 52-44 lead still sounds pretty good to me in such a polarized race.
Forget about the Newsweek Poll. The good news is that their second day polling had Kerry up by 10. There will surely be a bounce in other polls but some of it will undoubtedly fade as the month goes on. However, if Kerry can maintain a gain of 2-3 points AFTER the Republican Convention he will be in great shape indeed! Let’s keep our fingers crossed and work, work, work as hard as possible registering voters in the batlleground states and warn the media that they better keep their facts straight or we will be on them like a cheap suit.
So far, so good.
I said this over at Daily Kos, but will repeat it here:
This isn’t an appropriate measure of post-convention bounce; the numbers released Monday, measuring three days of post-speech afterglow, will be the most accurate reading.
However…Newsweek has been releasing this Saturday poll for as many election cycles as I can remember, so we can at least compare it to previous editions. And the comparisons are very favorable for Kerry.
The last incumbent/challenger face-off was 1996. Dole got to within a few points of Clinton in the Saturday release, but never any closer.
The same thing happened in 1984 — Mondale closed the gap with Reagan, but it was his high-water mark.
I think we can say with certainty, challengers that don’t lead after their own conventions can go home right there.
Successful challengers, on the other hand — specifically Clinton, Reagan and Carter — have immediately run to measurable leads. And this one Kerry’s got is clearly well past margin-of-error. (It’s not as big as Clinton’s or Carter’s, but the Perot in-and-out exaggerated the former, and the ongoing Ford/Reagan nomination battle affected the latter)
Anyway, honestly, who gives a damn about the margin of the bounce? Look at the margin of the lead. There, Kerry’s in excellent shape.
And, my two cents on the GOP post-convention: I don’t care if Bush leaps up 6-8 points. If the result doesn’t put him above 50%, he’s going to lose.
People sometimes make this more complicated than it needs to be.
Absolutely right. And on top of the problems you mention there is the fact that the way-too-early poll of July 8-9 was taken right after Kerry named Edwards as his VP, so he was already enjoying a bounce from that. And that Edwards bounce had mostly faded by the time of the convention. I am happy to have the information given in the poll, but to pretend that it measures the convention bounce is outrageous.